Heating-boiler.



No. 861,167. PATENTED JULYZS, 1907.

' H. P.: J. EARNSHAW.

HEATING BOILER.

Arrmo'ulon FILED un. e. 190s.-

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY P. J. EARNSHAW, OF HYDE PARK, MASSACHUSETTS.

HEATING-BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1907l Application filed March 6,1905. Serial N0. 248,399.

companying drawing, is a specification, like letters onl the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a boiler for use in heating systems, and has for its object to provide a novel boiler of this class which is extremely efficient in operation, and which can be used either with steam-heating or hotwater-heating systems.

The particular features wherein the invention resides will be more fully hereinafter described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved boiler, Fig. 2 is a front view of the boiler with the setting removed; Fig. 3 is a front view of the adjustable bridge-wall.

The boiler comprises a horizontally arrcnged boilershell 3 having a plurality of flues 4 extending therethrough and circulating water-tubes 5 beneath the boiler-shell and connected thereto at each end. The flues are located entirely in the lower half of the boilershell and open at one end into a chamber G at the back ofthe boiler which communicates with the combustion chamber 7, and at their front end into a chamber 8 at the front of the boiler which connects with the smokepipe 9. The circulating water-t-ubes 5 are screwed, nippled or fastened in any suitable way at one end to a front header 10 which is suitably supported on the boiler setting, and at their rear ends to a suitably supported rear header 11. The rear header is connected to the underside of the shell at its rear end by a connection 12. 1

The front header 10, as stated above, is supported by the boiler setting, and it is arranged to support the front end of the boiler shell 3. Forthis purpose I have shown a piece of angle-iron 90 secured to .the header and on which the front end of the boiler shell rests. Said front header 10 extends horizontally, as shown in Fig. 2, and is of such a depth that its bottom is on substantially the same level as the bottom of the header 1l. I have adopted this construction so as to simplify the operation of setting up the boiler.

Rising from the center of the front header is a delivery pipe 13, which is adapted either to deliver to the boiler the steam generated in the circulating pipes 5 or to deliver hot-water to the heating system according to whether the boiler is used in conjunction with a steamheating system or hot-water heating system. The said delivery-pipe is connected to the upper portion of the shell 3 by means of a nipple 14 of reduced area compared with the size of the delivery-pipe, and said delivery-pipe has at its upper end an opening which is shown in Fig. 1, as closed bya plug 15. This plugged-opening is substantially the same size as the delivery-pipe.`

When the boiler is used in connection with the steamheating system the opening is closed by the plug, as shown, and the steam generated in the circulating pipes is returned to the boiler through the nipple 14, and is v taken from the boiler by any suitable means into the steam-heating system. The purpose of making the nipple 14 of reduced size is to prevent the water from being driven out of the circulating pipes by the rapid circulation thereinfaster than it can enter them through the connection 12.

When the boiler is to be used in connection with a hot-Water system the plug 15 is removed and the pipe leading to the hot-water system is connected directly to the pipe 13. lWith this arrangement the hot-water is delivered directly from the delivery pipe 13 into the hot-water system without being returned to the boiler, and since the size of the opening is substantially equal to the pipe 13 a free circulation of the water is provided.

The reason for placingk the flues 4 entirely in the lower half of the boiler is so that the water-level in the boiler can be varied within wide limits without uncovering any of the flues and thus running the risk of an explosion.

It is well known that most persons running a househeating boiler take very little care to maintain the water-level at one point, and therefore, said level is liable to vary considerably. Byplacing all the flues 4 in the lower half of the shell this variation in the waterlevel may take place without danger.

Another feature of my improved boiler which I regard of some importance is that the heating surface of the tubular part of the boiler is substantially equal to the heating-surface of the water-tube portion o'f the boiler. I find that better results are secured by thus proportioning the two heating surfaces.

16 designates the usual ash-pit above which is the grate.

The grate I prefer to use is one comprising grate-bars 17 which extend across the furnace and are supported at their ends in channel-irons 40 running along the sides of the furnace. The top of each grate-bar 17 is provided with ribs 18 extending longitudinally of the furnace, the ribs on each grate bar extending beyond the sides of the grate-bar, as seen in Fig. 1.

42 designates the door leading to the combustion chamber.

I propose to make the bottom 43 of the door-opening inclined, as shown, the inclination extending down to the grate. This construction has the advantage that the front of the grate can be reached by a slice-bar inserted through the door-opening in a way which were flat or horizontal. f

I have herein shown an adjustable bridge-wall 20, which is preferably a piece of cast-iron having the base portion 2l4 and the upright portion. 22, the base-portion resting on the channel-irons 40 and the upright portion forming the bridge-wall proper. The casting 20 is preferably sufficiently heavy so as to retain its adjusted position by its own weight, but I preferto attach to the base 2l thereof a locking latch 44 which is adapted to engage any one of a number of locking notches 45 in the casting 4G. The upright portion 22 of said casting is preferably provided with slots 47 through which the gases are permitted to pass, said slots forming between them fingers 48 which act as a screen to prevent the coal from being thrown over the bridge-wall when it is added to the iire.

For convenience in operating the latch 44 I make one of the slots 47 deeper than the rest and of a width so that a poker may be inserted therethrough, as shown in dotted lines Fig. l, for raising the latch 44.

When it is desired to adjust the bridge-wall the poker is thrust through the slot 47, as above described, and the latch 44 disengaged from its locking notch. By catching the end of the poker either on the end of the latch or against the bridge-wall the lattermay be moved toward or from the door of the furnace as desired.

In Fig. 1 the full line position of the bridge-wall shows the latter placed for giving a small grate area, while thedottedline position shows it placed for giving the maximum grate area.

At the rear of the ash-pit 16 is a wall 24 provided with suitable apertures 25 leading to a chamber 26 at the back of the furnace. This chamber is provided with a suitable door 27 by means of which the draft may be regulated, and through which the air for supporting combustion is admitted. When the door 27 is open the air passes rst into the chamber 26 where it is partially heated and thence passes through the aperture 25 into the ash-pit from whence it passes through the grate and into the combustion chamber. i

The object in taking the air into the ash-pit through 'the back of the furnace instead of through the usual front door 28 leading to the ash-pit andthrough which the ashes are removed is to provide means for thus partially heating the air before it is delivered to the ashpit. By means of this construction a material economy in the coal used is effected. i

.The smoke-pipe 9 which connects with the smokechamber 8 at the front of. the furnace extends backwardly over the boiler and to the chimney. It has connected thereto a branch-pipe 49 which i leads directly into the chamber 6. l

50 designates a valve or damper which is adapted to entirely or partially close the pipe 49, as desired, and 5l designates a check-damper leading to the pipe 49. Under normal conditions the damper 50 is closed and the products of combustion pass from the chamber 6 forwardly through the flues 4 into the smoke-chamber 8 and thence to the smoke-pipe 9, and the heat generated may be regulated by the check-damper 5l in the usual manner. In starting a fire, however, the damper 50 will preferably be opened thereby avoiding a direct 30 designates a handheld cover at the back of the i boiler shell through which the latter may be cleaned out.

The front of the header l0 is provided with a removable cover 3l for giving access to the tubes 5 for cleaning or repairing.

Various changes in the construction ofthe boiler may be made without departing from the invention.

A Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In a boiler, a horizontal boiler-shell, a horizontallyarranged lfront header extending transversely to the shell, said header having' on its rear' face a ledge to support the front end of the boiler, a rear header, circulating Watertubes connecting the headers, a connection between the rear header and the boiler shell, a delivery-pipe centrally connected to the front header and extending upwardly therefrom, said pipe having at its upper end a T, a nipple connecting said 'I' to the upper part of the boiler, said nipple having a smaller' cross sectional area than either the delivery pipe or the connection between the rear header and the boiler.

2. In a` boiler, a horizontal boiler-shell having flues extending therethrough, horizontal transversely extending front and rear headers, circulating water-tubes connecting said headers, connections between each header and the boiler-shell, a smoke-chamber' at both the front and the rear end of the boiler'shell, each smoke-chamber being connected to the smoke-flue, and a damper' controlling the connection between the rear smoke chamber' and said flue.

3. In a boiler, a boiler-shell having [lues therethrough, circulating water-tubes beneath said shell, front and rear headers to which said tubes are connected, connections between the rear header and the rear end of the boilershell, a delivery-pipe connected to the front header', said delivery-pipe having' a plugged aperture 'of substantially the same size as said pipe for, connection to a hot-water-heating system, and a nipple of reduced diameter connecting said deliver'y-pipe with the boiler-shell.

4. In a boiler, a horizontal boiler-shell havingdues therethrough, circulating water-tubes beneath the shell and connected thereto, and a movable bridge-wall Iwithin the combustion-chamber, said bridge-wall having sufficient weight to retain it in its adjusted position.

5. In a boiler', a combustion chamber, a door opening leading thereto, the bottom of the door opening being inclined, as at 43, an adjustable bridge-wall within said com bustion chamber, a horizontal boiler shell above the chamber, said boiler-shell having lines therethrough and cir'culating water-tubes beneath said shell and connected thereto. G. In a boiler, a horizontal boiler shell having nues therethrough, circulating water-tubes beneath the shell 'and connected thereto, a combustion chamber beneath the boiler', an adjustable bridge-wall within said combustion chamber, and a locking latch for holding said bridge-Wall in its adjustedposition, the latter having a slot through which a poker may be inserted for releasing said latch.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY I. .T. 'EARNSHAW.

Witnesses Louis C. SMITH, ELrzAnE'rI-r R. MORRISON. 

